{"id":4970,"date":"2017-04-30T15:55:25","date_gmt":"2017-04-30T15:55:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/?page_id=4970"},"modified":"2017-05-03T21:18:03","modified_gmt":"2017-05-03T21:18:03","slug":"vibratorevisited","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/vibratorevisited\/","title":{"rendered":"Vibrato Revisited"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"themify_builder_content-4970\" data-postid=\"4970\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-4970 themify_builder themify_builder_front\">\n\n\t\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_0 clearfix gutter-default wow zoomIn\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div id=\"row-slider-0\" class=\"row-slider\"\n                         data-bgmode=\"fullcover\">\n                        <ul class=\"row-slider-slides clearfix\">\n                                                            <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP15.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"0\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP14.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"1\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP13.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"2\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP12.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"3\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP11.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"4\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP10.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"5\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP09.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"6\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP08.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"7\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP07.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"8\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP06.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"9\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP05.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"10\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP04.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"11\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP03.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"12\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP02.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"13\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                                <li data-bg=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/EP01.jpg\">\n                                    <a class=\"row-slider-dot\" data-index=\"14\"><\/a>\n                                <\/li>\n                                                        <\/ul>\n                        <div class=\"row-slider-nav\">\n                            <a class=\"row-slider-arrow row-slider-prev\">&lsaquo;<\/a>\n                            <a class=\"row-slider-arrow row-slider-next\">&rsaquo;<\/a>\n                        <\/div>\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/.row-bgs -->\n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-0-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-0-0-1   wow slideInDown\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p><em><strong>Much of the most beautiful vibrato is below the threshold for vibrato hearing and is perceived merely as tone quality\u2019<\/strong> <\/em><\/p><p style=\"text-align: right;\"><strong>C<em>.<\/em>E. Seashore,<em> The Psychology of Music.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_1 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-1-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-1-0-1   wow slideInUp\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span class=\"\" style=\"display:block;clear:both;height: 0px;padding-top: 20px;border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;\"><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>Vibrato Revisited<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-1-0-2\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-1-0-2   wow slideInUp\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong>PROLOGUE<\/strong><\/span><\/p><p><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Vibrato is a musician\u2019s life companion, a bit like a cat. Warm, soft, tender \u2013 really one of Nature\u2019s masterpieces. It meows, purrs, growls, bites and kicks. It might disappear on a whim, then shows up again days later. Yet our lives would certainly lack color without our supple and graceful one-legged friend. Let\u2019s take a closer look at it.<\/span><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-1-0-3\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-1-0-3  repeat-none wow zoomIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<h3><strong>1. <\/strong><strong>SUPPLENESS<\/strong><\/h3><p>There is an incredible amount of free movement in each finger as it relates to the palm of the hand.<\/p><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4998\" src=\"http:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Untitled1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"389\" height=\"384\" srcset=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Untitled1.jpg 316w, https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Untitled1-300x296.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 389px) 100vw, 389px\" \/>PHOTO. 1 HAND<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_2 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-2-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-2-0-1 video-left  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson1 Vibrato Revisited:Cheking the flexibility of the first joint\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RqDiBaTqzwQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No. 1                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                                    <div class=\"video-caption\">\n                        We can feel the extent of this movement if we try to move the finger laterally around the metacarpophalangial (!) joint as seen in image 1.1\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/video-caption -->\n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-2-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-2-1-1 video-left  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson2 Vibrato Revisited:Cheking the flexibility of all joints\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xPC-ENsJr0o?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No. 2                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                                    <div class=\"video-caption\">\n                        Every other joint in the finger also has a minimum of lateral freedom. This freedom not necessarily visible when we play with vibrato, but significantly changes the whole feeling. \n\nFirstly, we have to loosen the small muscles that keep the fingers laterally firm. This will contribute to a balanced movement of the whole hand parallel to the strings. Secondly, we need to be aware of the normal movement of all of the finger joints, especially the one closest to the finger tip.                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/video-caption -->\n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_3 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-3-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-3-0-1   wow zoomIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<h3><strong>2 GRACE & TENACITY<\/strong><\/h3><p>We all have one hand that is \u2018virgin\u2019 to vibrato whether we\u2019re right-handed, left-handed, or even ambidextrous. If we place our bowing hand on the table of the instrument and pretend to vibrate on an imaginary note, the \u2018innocence\u2019 of this hand will bring out many aspect of the natural character of vibrato.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_4 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-4-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-4-0-1 video-left  wow slideInRight\">\n\n                    <h3 class=\"module-title\">VIDEO No. 3<\/h3>        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson3 Vibrato Revisited:comparing the vibrato qualities\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/NADgVOFh0vI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                \n                                    <div class=\"video-caption\">\n                        To begin with, let\u2019s use the middle  nger which, having the mass of the palm equally spread around it, allows for a more natural and balanced movement. The other  ngers almost touch the table and remain \u2018lined up\u2019 as much as possible, facilitating the compactness of the hand. We now mirror this movement with our playing hand, and start vibrating, while observing the di erences between the movement of two hands. More often that not, the bowing hand will perform a freer and smoother vibrato, and we should let this \u2018good\u2019 hand inspire the \u2018sti \u2019 one. Through this process, we can acquire a deep insight into the natural attributes of the vibrating hand, both physical and emotional, and by now, we should be forming an \u2018idealized\u2019 vibrato in our minds. Let\u2019s now move on to an exercise that starts with an \u2018idealized mid air\u2019 vibrato movement and ends up applying it on the string.                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/video-caption -->\n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_5 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-5-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-5-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n                    <h3 class=\"module-title\">  <\/h3>        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson4 Vibrato Revisited:From the ideal to real vibrato\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/KSONKEmGjmo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                                                                    <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-5-1-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-5-1-1   \">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"module-title\">VIDEO No. 4<\/h3>\t\n\t\n\t<div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 3\"><div class=\"section\"><div class=\"layoutArea\"><div class=\"column\"><div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 3\"><div class=\"section\"><div class=\"layoutArea\"><div class=\"column\"><p>We position our middle finger above the harmonic a on the D string without touching the string. Our thumb rests on the back of the neck as usual. We now start by vibrating our left hand in \u2018mid air\u2019 recalling the \u2018mirror e ects\u2019 of the previous exercise. Then, while still vibrating, we gradually lower our nger onto the A harmonic. At some point a beautiful airy sound appears. A short trip of the ngertip from the harmonic to the ngerboard and the true note come into play. We continue to increase the pressure while maintaining the vibrato until a full, rich tone is produced.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_6 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-6-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-6-0-1 video-right  wow zoomIn\">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson5 Vibrato Revisited:From the ideal to real vibrato, using fingers 4,3,1\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cvfQNg5mK1c?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No. 5                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                                    <div class=\"video-caption\">\n                        \nFrom the \u201cideal\u201d to \u201creal\u201d vibrato, using  ngers 4,3,1. We repeat this procedure on A and G strings. We will notice, that in order to maintain the same quality of vibrato, small adjustments in amplitude must be made, according to the mass of the string. The thicker the string, the broader the movement.                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/video-caption -->\n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_7 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-7-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-7-0-1  repeat-none wow zoomIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>PHOTO. 2 Finger tip pulp<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5126\" src=\"http:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/PhotoNo2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"574\" height=\"387\" srcset=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/PhotoNo2.jpg 574w, https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/PhotoNo2-300x202.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 574px) 100vw, 574px\" \/><\/p><p class=\"FreeForm\" style=\"tab-stops: 35.45pt 70.85pt 106.3pt 5.0cm 177.15pt 212.6pt 248.05pt 283.45pt 318.9pt 354.35pt 389.75pt 425.2pt; margin: 0cm 7.25pt .0001pt 17.45pt;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'Times New Roman';\">This is the moment to point out how important a factor for tone quality is the way we press down the string with our fingertip.<\/span><\/p><p class=\"FreeForm\" style=\"tab-stops: 35.45pt 70.85pt 106.3pt 5.0cm 177.15pt 212.6pt 248.05pt 283.45pt 318.9pt 354.35pt 389.75pt 425.2pt; margin: 0cm 7.25pt .0001pt 17.45pt;\">\u00a0<\/p><div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 4\"><div class=\"section\"><div class=\"layoutArea\"><div class=\"column\"><p>As a matter of fact the pulp of our fingertips and the skin over it are our most precious assets in the quest for a rich, enchanting tone \u2013 perhaps even more than the quality of the instrument itself, which explains why good players always sound like themselves, no matter what instrument they\u2019re playing on. Therefore, it\u2019s always a good idea to discover the different tone colors that result from making micro-adjustments as our fingertip presses down the string.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_8 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-8-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-8-0-1   \">\n\t\n\t\n\t\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_9 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-9-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-9-0-1  repeat-none wow zoomIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<h3><strong>2. BALANCE & PRECISION<\/strong><\/h3><p>We have now arrived at the core of this essay, which is the close study of vibrato in practice.<\/p><div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 4\"><div class=\"section\"><div class=\"layoutArea\"><div class=\"column\"><p>In order to \u201crevisit\u201d vibrato on double base, we have to consider three types of vibrato, closely related to : Neck, Intermediate and Thumb positions on the ngerboard. That means&#8230;<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter  wp-image-4976\" src=\"http:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Cbass.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"437\" height=\"398\" srcset=\"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Cbass.jpg 399w, https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Cbass-300x273.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 437px) 100vw, 437px\" \/><\/p><p style=\"text-align: left;\"><em>A. Neck Position Vibrato<\/em><\/p><p><em>Step 1<\/em><\/p><p>We go back to (diagram A on D string) and start with the middle finger (then A string, then G string) and then continue with the 4th, 3rd, 1st finger and thumb.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p>Let\u2019s use a metronome set to approximately 72 bpm for all exercises. This should be felt as a pulse rather than a given tempo, and we use a separate bow for each pulse.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_10 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-10-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-10-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 00 Animation (Vibrato HMS Cbass)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ja88iwGiuqM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 0                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-10-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-10-1-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 01 Animation (Vibrato HMN Cbass)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/xce4TQUMilA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 1                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_11 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-11-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-11-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>Across the duration of the first pulse we pull the finger from the original pitch towards the lowest extreme allowed by the flexibility of the finger joints. During the second pulse, we bring the finger back to the original pitch. This is actually the vibrato movement in slow motion. We shouldn\u2019t worry if the effect sounds exaggerated.<\/p><p>We start with the middle finger, then the 4th and 1st fingers.<\/p><p>The purpose of this exercise is the detailed observation of the movement of our fingers, the metronome simply assist in the movements regularity.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_12 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-12-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-12-0-1 video-top  wow bounceInLeft\">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson6 Vibrato Revisited:NECK  position vibrato, in slow motion, all four fi\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Fxr2IjZ9ONc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No. 6                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                                    <div class=\"video-caption\">\n                        NECK position vibrato, in slow motion, all four  ngers, strings D,A,G.                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/video-caption -->\n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_13 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-13-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-13-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p><em>Step 2<\/em><\/p><p>This step consists of performing a complete oscillation within a single metronome pulse. This means that the frequency of the motion described in <em>Step 1 <\/em>is now doubled, resembling a very slow vibrato.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_14 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-14-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-14-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 02 Animation (Vibrato x1 Cbass)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kW2aHowyDBM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 2                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-14-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-14-1-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson7 Vibrato Revisited:NECK  position vibrato,single oscillation per pulse\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Oqd10XnJVWQ?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No 7                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_15 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-15-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-15-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p><em>Step 3<\/em><\/p><p>As a natural continuation of Step 2, the speed of oscillation is doubled again.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_16 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-16-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-16-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 03 Animation (Vibrato x2 Cbass)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/CDdH88DIBtA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 3                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-16-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-16-1-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson8 Vibrato Revisited:NECK position vibrato, two oscillations per pulse,\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/VIone2vtKWM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No 8                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_17 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-17-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-17-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p><em>Step 4<\/em><\/p><p>\u2026and consequently in with three oscillations per pulse.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_18 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-18-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-18-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 04 Animation (Vibrato x3 Cbass)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/RlWyfJd_RSE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 4                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-18-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-18-1-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson9 Vibrato Revisited:NECK  position vibrato,three oscillations per pulse\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/TtQ2JP62j1U?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 9                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_19 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-19-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-19-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p><em>Step 5<\/em><\/p><p>Getting closer\u2026<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_20 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-20-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-20-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson10 Vibrato Revisited:NECK position vibrato,four oscillations per pulse,\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/kU03b611ePs?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No 10                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-20-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-20-1-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson11 Vibrato Revisited:NECK position vibrato,five oscillations per pulse,\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/2d4K9MAFhbc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No 11                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_21 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-21-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-21-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>On reaching four, five or six oscillations per pulse, a recognizable vibrato effect can be heard.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_22 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-22-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-22-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>There is a general consensus among fine musicians that vibrato functions and sounds best if the original pitch always appears on the beat a should be the highest extreme of the oscillation. In other words, the vibrato starts \u2018on the note\u2019 and moves backwards. This is the basic principle on which the exercises are devised.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_23 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-23-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-23-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>In order to develop a richer palette of vibrato effects, we can also experiment with oscillations going above the original pitch.<\/p><p>ANIMATION 6<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_24 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-24-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-24-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 06a Animation (Vibrato Above Original Pitch)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/VDKaiQAhcoA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 6a                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-24-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-24-1-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 06b Animation (Vibrato Above Original Pitch) HD\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/fwG-hI-gLfo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 6b                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_25 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-25-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-25-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p><em>Step 6<\/em><\/p><p>Koussevitsky<\/p><ol><li><em> Intermediate Position Vibrato<\/em><\/li><\/ol><p>This is a very important approach because it not only covers the area between the 4th and 7th positions, but it can also be used over the entire range of the instrument, helping to produce the typically rich, radiant vibrato that come as an essential complement to what we call the \u2018great string playing tradition\u2019. This helps the double bass to keep up in terms of richness, quality and finesse with the other members of the string family.<\/p><p>In Intermediate position vibrato, we need to explore the freedom of movement of the first joint of the fingers<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_26 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-26-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-26-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>This subject is systematically covered in violin methods so extra advice and information can always be found there.<\/p><div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 9\"><div class=\"section\"><div class=\"layoutArea\"><div class=\"column\"><p>Carl Flesch: The Art Of Violin Playing<\/p><p><br \/> Versuch einer gru\u0308ndlichen Violinschule (Mozart, Leopold)<\/p><p><br \/> Ivan Galamian: Basics and methods of violin playing<\/p><p>Roger Norrington writing on vibrato \u2013 from a conductor\u2019s perspective David Hurwitz: Vibrato in the Classical Orchestra<\/p><p>To mention but a few.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_27 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-27-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-27-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>Our fingers are no longer vertical to the string, but rather positioned backwards at a slight angle in a way that enables them to approach the string with equal ease.<\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 9\"><div class=\"section\"><div class=\"layoutArea\"><div class=\"column\"><p>We are going to follow the same procedure as with Neck Position Vibrato, by producing slow motion, single and multiple oscillations per pulse, for each finger.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_28 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-28-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-28-0-1 video-top  wow slideInRight\">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson12 Vibrato Revisited:INTERMEDIATE vibrato position, slow motion, mid fi\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5mgBA4_GHdA?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No. 12                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_29 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-29-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-29-0-1 video-top  wow slideInRight\">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson13 Vibrato Revisited:INTERMEDIATE vibrato position, slow motion, finger\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/-zzwC-6-qv0?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No. 13                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_30 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-30-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-30-0-1 video-top  wow slideInRight\">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson14 Vibrato Revisited:INTERMEDIATE vibrato position, single to multiple\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/f7fbZU1BbIE?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No. 14                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_31 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-31-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-31-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>But there is more to do with Transition Position vibrato.<\/p><p>We go back to the original exercise but with a difference.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_32 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-32-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-32-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>Firstly, we move the finger backwards, away from the original pitch at normal speed. according to the metronome, then wait, and only at the last moment with a brief movement we come back to the original pitch.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_33 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-33-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-33-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 12a Animation (Vibrato dif Cbass)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/ix_U-amapKM?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 12a                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-33-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-33-1-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 12b Animation (Vibrato dif Cbass)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/JXccoj7T_mo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 12b                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_34 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-34-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-34-0-1 video-top  wow slideInRight\">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson15 Vibrato Revisited:INTERMEDIATE vibrato position, high energy motion\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/T-fRhELyk_M?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No. 15                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                                    <div class=\"video-caption\">\n                        This exercise enables us to achieve an even more rich and energetic vibrato that invigorates the resonating string, farther improving the character and quality of the sound. It also comes close to exercises violin players use to achieve the fine, precise vibrato appropriate to the Classical period. There is no reason why today\u2019s bass player can\u2019t add a similarly refined tool to his technical and expressive arsenal. In solo playing, more often than not, it is the Transition Position vibrato that, through all the positions from the lowest to the highest, will provide the consistent quality of vibrato and character necessary for lyrical passages.                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/video-caption -->\n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_35 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-35-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-35-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<ol><li><em> Thumb Position Vibrato<\/em><\/li><\/ol><p>Thumb Position vibrato ca be applied from 4th position up to the highest. Many details about thumb position playing is covered in my book <em>Rule of Thumb. <\/em>However, it would be a good idea to recall that there are four sub-positions included in the general concept of \u2018thumb position\u2019.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_36 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    <div class=\"themify_builder_sub_row\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclearfix gutter-default  sub_row_36-0-1\" >\n                                                                \n                                                                    <div class=\"col4-1 first sub_column sub_column_36-0-1-0 sub_column_post_4970\" >\n                                                                        \n                                                                        \n                                                                                                                                                    \n                                                                                                                                                    <\/div><div class=\"col4-2 sub_column sub_column_36-0-1-1 sub_column_post_4970\" >\n                                                                        \n                                                                        \n                                                                                                                                                    \n\t<!-- module image -->\n\t<div id=\"image-4970-sub_row_36-0-1-1-0\" class=\"module module-image image-4970-sub_row_36-0-1-1-0   image-top  wow slideInUp\">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"image-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Text4.jpg\" alt=\"Vibrato Revisited\" \/>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<!-- \/image-wrap -->\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- \/module image -->\n\n\n                                                                                                                                                    <\/div><div class=\"col4-1 last sub_column sub_column_36-0-1-2 sub_column_post_4970\" >\n                                                                        \n                                                                        \n                                                                                                                                                    \n                                                                                                                                                    <\/div><\/div>\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_37 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-37-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-37-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>A. We will start by exercising the thumb itself on vibrato.<\/p><p>Not only is the thumb fully capable of vibrating but it is also the very part of the hand in reference to which all vibrato movement is produced, thus fully functional in lyrical passages, contributing to the continuity of the musical phrase, in other words, whatever finger is producing the tone, the thumb stays on the string providing the basic oscillation (in fact it is the palm that oscillates, but this is the way musicians like to describe it).<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_38 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-38-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-38-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p><em>Step 1<\/em><\/p><p>It may feel a little awkward at the beginning but the thumb can execute a perfectly satisfactory vibrato if we keep in mind that is actually the palm of the hand that produces the movement. We should remember to position the remaining fingers in an approximately regular \u2018thumb position\u2018 posture, that is close to the string and in a line. The exact point of contact of the thumb is determined mainly by the anatomy of the individual\u2019s hand, but preferably the thumb should press the string with the second phalanx close to the first joint (PHOTO No. 1). Now is the time to experiment a little in order to find the the thumb\u2019s optimal point of contact for vibrato, because this point will also be the best for producing a clear, distinct and detailed tone, irrespectively of whether or not vibrato is actually used. Let\u2019s start by stopping the octave on the D string with the thumb.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4994 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Part2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"133\" height=\"75\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>We notice that it\u2019s actually the palm that vibrates (always parallel to the string). The thumb has only to provide a positive grip on the string and its natural resilience. If it occasionally begins to feel stiff, turning into a rocking motion, we can always go back to the trick of firstly vibrating on the octave harmonic (Fig), and then gradually pressing down the string until a full tone is achieved.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4995 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Part3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"136\" height=\"83\" \/><\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_39 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-39-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-39-0-1 video-top  wow slideInRight\">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson16 Vibrato Revisited:THUMB position vibrato, a vibrating palm and how i\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/QeIMseGa9Vg?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No. 16                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_40 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-40-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-40-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p><em>Step 2<\/em><\/p><p>We can repeat the exercise by now using the thumb simultaneously.<\/p><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-4996 alignleft\" src=\"http:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Part4.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"128\" height=\"53\" \/><\/p><p>\u00a0<\/p><p>This will further help us locate the optimal point of contact and will poise the thumb more effectively for double-stops.<\/p><p><em>Step 3<\/em><\/p><p>Next come the exercises for fingers 1, 2, 3 and (why not?) 4. Here we shall follow the familiar pattern but with the thumb now kept at a precise interval (half-step, whole-step and occasionally minor third) from the playing finger. In other words, when playing in thumb position it is very important that:<\/p><p>1) the thumb always presses down the string no matter which finger in playing the note,<\/p><div class=\"page\" title=\"Page 14\"><div class=\"section\"><div class=\"layoutArea\"><div class=\"column\"><p>2) the thumb always rests no more than a minor third apart form the playing nger in the interest of producing a physically and aesthetically consistent vibrato.<\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_41 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-41-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-41-0-1   \">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>The first joint of every finger remains flexible, just like in the Intermediate Vibrato Position, providing us with a much desired rich tone.<\/p><p>This similarity allows these two positions (Thumb and Intermediate) to become fully interchangeable, as we will see later.<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_42 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-1 first tb-column empty-column tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    &nbsp;\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 middle tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\t<!-- module image -->\n\t<div id=\"image-4970-42-1-1\" class=\"module module-image image-4970-42-1-1   image-top  \">\n\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"image-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/TEXTpict1-2.jpg\" alt=\"Vibrato Revisited\" \/>\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<!-- \/image-wrap -->\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<!-- \/module image -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-1 last tb-column empty-column tb_4970_column module_column_2 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    &nbsp;\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_43 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-43-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-43-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 07a Animation (Vibrato HMN ThD Cbass) HD\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/5SiOLOywYjk?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 7a                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-43-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-43-1-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 08a Animation (Vibrato x1 ThD Cbass) HD\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/FvMKrakLVng?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 8a                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_44 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-44-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-44-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 09a Animation (Vibrato x2 ThD Cbass) HD\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Z8l2a_9Khwc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 9a                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-44-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-44-1-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 10a Animation (Vibrato x3 ThD Cbass) HD\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/L_jttI5mnHU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 10a                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_45 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-45-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-45-0-1 video-top  wow slideInRight\">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson17 Vibrato Revisited:THUMB position vibrato, thumb on the string\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/9CWtyzmjT4A?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No. 17                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                                    <div class=\"video-caption\">\n                        The exercises for TPV will follow the basic scheme of previous ones, bus since more elements are involved in this position more variations will have to be studied.                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/video-caption -->\n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_46 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-46-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-46-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p><em>Step 4<\/em><\/p><p>A small variation of the previous vibrato technique is the following: the position and movement of fingers 1, 2 and 3 remain the same as in previous exercises, but the thumb no longer presses down the string. While the distances between the thumb and the playing finger remain the same as in <em>Step 3<\/em>, the thumb merely follows the motion of the palm. Now, of course, the weight of the whole arm is transferred directly to the vibrating finger, thus giving the opportunity for a broader oscillation, in turn offering a wider selection of colors and shades.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_47 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-47-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-47-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 07b Animation (Vibrato HMN ThU Cbass)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/wv6PBfcKMmc?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 7b                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-47-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-47-1-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 08b Animation (Vibrato x1 ThU Cbass)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/EFqui-0r8tI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 8b                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_48 clearfix gutter-default wow slideInLeft\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-48-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-48-0-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 09b Animation (Vibrato x2 ThU Cbass)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/1KwnYlQOAAI?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 9b                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                        <div class=\"col4-2 last tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_1 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-48-1-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-48-1-1 video-top  \">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou \/ Vibrato Revisited 10b Animation (Vibrato x3 ThU Cbass)\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/zyO8dU683g4?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    Animation No 10b                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_49 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n\n    <!-- module video -->\n    <div id=\"video-4970-49-0-1\" class=\"module module-video video-4970-49-0-1 video-top  wow slideInRight\">\n\n        \n        \n        <div class=\"video-wrap\" >\n            <iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Vassilis Papavassiliou:Lesson18 Vibrato Revisited:THUMB position vibrato, thumb off the string\" width=\"500\" height=\"281\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/8R2-HcozEZU?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>        <\/div>\n        <!-- \/video-wrap -->\n\n                    <div class=\"video-content\">\n                                    <h3 class=\"video-title\">\n                                                    VIDEO No. 18                                            <\/h3>\n                \n                            <\/div>\n            <!-- \/video-content -->\n        \n            <\/div>\n    <!-- \/module video -->\n\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_50 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-50-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-50-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>In my opinion, we can experiment in every direction in order to achieve a rich palette of vibrato effects, from the subtle and refined which is perceived as depth of tone, up to the expressive and even exaggerated, if and when needed. My sole remark would be, that in every case we should keep clear and distinct in our minds the variable elements (frequency, depth, style, physiology, imagination, etc.) so that it is we, the players, who decide: what, how, when and how much!\u00a0\u00a0<\/p><p><br \/>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n\n                <!-- module_row -->\n                <div data-gutter=\"gutter-default\" class=\"themify_builder_row themify_builder_4970_row module_row module_row_51 clearfix gutter-default\"                      data-equal-column-height=\"\">\n\n                    \n                    \n                    <div class=\"row_inner_wrapper\">\n                        <div class=\"row_inner\">\n\n                            \n                            \n                                \n                                        <div class=\"col-full first tb-column  tb_4970_column module_column_0 module_column\" >\n\n                                            \n                                            \n                                            <div class=\"tb-column-inner\">\n\n                                                \n                                                \n                                                    \n<!-- module text -->\n<div id=\"text-4970-51-0-1\" class=\"module module-text text-4970-51-0-1   wow fadeIn\">\n\t\n\t\n\t<p>\u00a0<\/p><p><strong>3 INTELLIGENCE AND BEAUTY<\/strong><br \/>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<!-- \/module text -->\n\n                                                    <\/div>\n                                                    <!-- \/.tb-column-inner -->\n                                                                                                <\/div>\n                                            <!-- \/.tb-column -->\n                                        \n                                    \n                                    \n                                \n                            <\/div>\n                            <!-- \/row_inner -->\n                        <\/div>\n                        <!-- \/row_inner_wrapper -->\n                    <\/div>\n                    <!-- \/module_row -->\n                    \n<\/div>\n<!-- \/themify_builder_content -->","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Much of the most beautiful vibrato is below the threshold for vibrato hearing and is perceived merely as tone quality\u2019 C.E. Seashore, The Psychology of Music.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4970","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","no-post-title","has-post-date","has-post-category","has-post-tag","has-post-comment","has-post-author"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4970","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4970"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4970\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5270,"href":"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4970\/revisions\/5270"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/studio19st.com\/vassilispapavassiliou\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4970"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}